Abstract
The wide adoption of heat recovery technologies in industry is hampered by specific “barriers” related to both technical and non-technical issues. This paper attempts to determine these barriers and make recommendations on how to address them. First, a literature review of related material is presented. Among numerous barriers, the main ones identified are (i) lack of information, (ii) lack of technology knowledge, (iii) technology risks, (iv) high initial and running and maintenance costs, (v) lack of financial support and lack of governmental incentives, (vi) size and available space limitations, (vii) lack of available infrastructure, (viii) production constraints and risk of production disruptions, (x) risk of the system negative impact on the company operations, and (xi) policy and regulations restrictions. Then, based on the above, a structured questionnaire on barriers to the adoption of waste heat recovery (WHR) technologies was prepared and issued to a number of industries throughout the European Union. Upon analyzing the questionnaire, an assessment of the importance and negative impact of each of the above-mentioned barriers is made. Subsequently, strategies and recommendations on how to overcome the barriers is reported. These recommendations are hoped to be adopted as far as possible in the packaging, installation, commissioning, and demonstration of new and old WHR technologies.
Highlights
Waste Heat Recovery areas can be classified into four main groups [1]: (i) energy recycling within the process, (ii) waste heat recovery (WHR) for other on-site processes, (iii) electricity generation with combined heat and power installations, and (iv) district heating systems
The current paper focuses on identifying barriers to WHR systems in the European Union (EU) through both the survey and the theoretical framework
Related to the findings of the previous section, a questionnaire was prepared for EU industries
Summary
Waste Heat Recovery areas can be classified into four main groups [1]: (i) energy recycling within the process, (ii) waste heat recovery (WHR) for other on-site processes, (iii) electricity generation with combined heat and power installations, and (iv) district heating systems. BCS Incorporated [10] introduced and presented key barriers, listed under different limitations, such as (i) costs; (ii) application, heat stream composition, process, and temperature specific constraints; and (iii) inaccessibility and transportability of certain heat sources. The materials required differ and, in some cases — as stated by the authors — “the overall material costs per unit energy unit recovered increases as larger surface areas are required for more efficient lower temperature heat recover systems.”. The low temperature of the LGH recovery systems is the noticeable low temperature of the waste heat These LGH systems exhibit limitations in terms of available technologies and process options for the WHR.
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