Abstract

Electrical Vehicle (EV) technology plays a vital role in today's world for its environmentally friendly, low running cost, and net zero-emission. EV has possibly reduced the dependency on fossil fuel-based Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) vehicles and an alternate mainstream transportation system in major countries. When comparing well-to-tank and tank-to-wheel fuel efficiency, the overall efficiency of the EV is 77%, while ICE has 13% only. This shows EVs are six times more efficient than ICE vehicles. However, the world couldn't adapt to the EV because of its limited travel range and other major issues related to charging infrastructure and high pricing. This paper explores the need for advancement in electric vehicle technology and details the downsides of the current EV technologies. This study mainly focuses on the Indian market, as in India EV sales growth has tripled in recent days, and some major factors that hurdle the growth of EVs. Further, the study discusses the recent research and innovative commercial projects related to charging infrastructure, battery energy storage, and energy management technologies that require advancement at an affordable price and convenience equal to the ICE vehicles. Finally, the study ends with outlooks of various electric vehicle technology and their advancement. The discussion in the work tends to identify the needs and develop an advanced EV technology model that best suits the Indian public for sustainable development.

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