Adopting Telerehabilitation in Albania: Evaluating Acceptance, Preferences, and Impediments Among Physiotherapists and the Public

Abstract

Background: COVID introduced a new approach to healthcare services. The pandemic showed that the need to rely on online services is very significant. Tele-rehabilitation, as the delivery of rehabilitation services via information and communication technologies, is a well-known concept for developed countries but not for Albania. Objective: To investigate acceptability, preferences, and needs in tele-rehabilitation by Albanian physical therapists and the general population. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among physiotherapists and general population related to tele-rehabilitation in physiotherapy to verify how recognized and applied this field is today in Tirana, Albania. Results: The study involved 57 professionals, mostly aged 25-34, with 43 participants working in the private sector. The focus was on musculoskeletal and orthopedic issues, with 18 participants in each category. Opinions on tele-rehabilitation were divided, with 42% of physiotherapists in favor and another 42% remaining neutral. Most physiotherapists had no prior tele-rehabilitation experience, but about one-third found technology integration beneficial. Health information and education were widely supported, with 86% of participants in favor. Self-management strategies were endorsed by 77%. Among 173 non physiotherapists, the vast majority were females (94%) and mostly aged 25-34 (nearly half). About two-thirds had never used physiotherapy services. Attitudes towards tele-rehabilitation costs were uncertain for almost half of the participants. However, 58% recognized the potential of digital technology, with video conferencing seen as helpful by 52% and apps by 18%. Most participants preferred exercise prescriptions, self-management, and health information. Conclusion: The conclusion points towards the need for further education and infrastructural enhancements to fully realize tele-rehabilitation’s capabilities in improving healthcare accessibility in Albania. Keywords: Digital physical therapy, Perception, Rehabilitation, Telehealth.