Administration of Moringa (Moringa oleifera L) Leaf Ethanol Extract Cream Inhibited the Increase of Tyrosinase Enzyme Levels and Amount of Melanin in Male Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Skin Exposed to Ultraviolet-B

Abstract

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to prove the effect of administering Moringa leaf ethanol cream extract in inhibiting the increase in tyrosinase level and the amount of melanin in the skin of male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) exposed to ultraviolet-B (UVB). Methods: This research was an experimental study using a randomized post-test only control group design method. The research subjects were 30 male guinea pigs divided randomly into five groups: group without cream, group with basic cream, group with 5%, 10% and 20% Moringa leaf ethanol cream extract. The five groups were exposed to UVB lamps for 15 days, and skin samples were taken 48 hours after the last exposure to UVB to examine the amount of melanin using Masson Fontana staining and tyrosinase enzyme using ELISA method. Results: The best reduction in tyrosinase enzyme was in the group given 20% of Moringa leaf extract cream (10.63 ± 6.53 ng/mL) with a p value of 0.004 (p<0.05). Based on the amount of melanin, the highest mean amount of melanin was found in the group without cream (37.40 ± 16.77) and the lowest was in the treatment group given 20% Moringa leaf cream extract (10.63 ± 6.53) with a p value of 0.008 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Administration of Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.) ethanol cream extract inhibits the increase in tyrosinase enzyme level and the amount of melanin in the skin of male guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) exposed to UVB with an appropriate concentration for safe use of the cream is between 5% and 10%. Keywords: Moringa leaf (Moringa oleifera L.); tyrosinase enzyme; melanin; guinea pig (Cavia porcellus); ultraviolet-B