The Administration of 15% Sensitive Plant (Mimosa pudica) Leaf Extract Cream Inhibited the Increasing of Tyrosinase Enzyme and the Amount of Melanin in Male Guinea Pig (Cavia porcellus) Skin Exposed to Ultraviolet B

Abstract

Background: The leaf of sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica Linn) has a fairly high content of flavonoids, which work in inhibiting the tyrosinase enzyme. Changes in the formation of this enzyme will cause the melanin pigment to be disrupted, resulting in the appearance of skin pigmentation disorders (hyperpigmentation). The purpose of this study was to prove the effectiveness of 15% sensitive plant leaf extract cream on guinea pig skin exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB). Methods: This is true experimental research using randomized post-test only control group design. The subjects were 30 male guinea pigs randomly divided into 3 groups, namely the control group (K), treatment group 1 (P1), and treatment group 2 (P2). Control group was not given any treatment, P1 was smeared with basic cream and exposed to UVB and P2 was smeared with 15% sensitive plant leaf extract cream and exposed to UVB for 2 weeks. After 2 weeks, the tyrosinase enzyme level were examined using ELISA and melanin amount were examined using Masson Fontana staining. The result was analyzed using comparative test between groups. Results: The tyrosinase enzyme in P2 group was 5,44±0,63 ng/ml, which is lower than K group (8,60±0,16 ng/ml (p<0,001)) and P1 (12,96±2,21 ng/ml (p<0,001)). The mean melanin amount in P2 was 0,09±0,07 %, which was also lower than K (0,31±0,24 % (p=0,049)) and P1 (0,53±0,47 % (p=0,043)). Conclusion: Administration of sensitive plant leaf extract cream inhibited the increase in tyrosinase enzyme and melanin amount in guinea pig exposed to UVB and normal subjects.