Abstract
Novel structures with adjustable characteristics, capable of performing the process where the vowel waveform is derived from a pulse train produced by the vibrating vocal folds and vice versa, are introduced in this work. Various design techniques are exploited to implement the required resonator and anti-resonator stages. The offered design flexibility and versatility are achieved through the employment of suitable active elements which offer electronically controlled characteristics in the resonator and anti-resonator stages, such as the Operational Transconductance Amplifiers, or through the employment of stages where their frequency behavior is digitally programmed, such as the Configurable Analog Modules included in a Field Programmable Analog Array device. The provided post-layout simulation and experimental results confirm the correct operation of the introduced structures in both the frequency and time domains.
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