Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) has been defined as a chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by progressive articular cartilage degeneration. Recently growing interest in regenerative medicine, using cell therapy and tissue engineering, where cellular components in combination with engineered scaffolds and bioactive materials were used to induce functional tissue regeneration. In the present study, nanofibrous scaffold based on chitosan (CS)/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) were used to develop biologically functionalized biomaterial to mimic the extracellular matrix, allowing the human adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) to proliferate and differentiate to chondrogenic cells. The morphology of the nanofibrous mat was examined using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE/SEM). The characteristic functional groups and the nature of the chemical bonds between atoms were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum. Characterization of the seeded cells was morphologically evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and by flow cytometry for the expression of the stem cell surface markers. The differentiation potential was verified after chondrogenic induction by analyzing the expression of chondrogenic marker genes using real-time (RT PCR). Current study suggest significant potential for the use of ADSCs with the nanofibrous scaffolds in improving the osteoarthritis pathology.
Highlights
Osteoarthritis is known to be chronic, debilitating joint disease
There was a suitable range of viscosity of the polymer solution within which the polymer solutions are electrospinable and beyond which droplets were likely to happen
Articular cartilage is a hyaline tissue, but without any blood, lymphatic or nerve supply. It is characterized by a single cell type, chondrocytes, which are responsible for the synthesis of highly hydrated extracellular matrix
Summary
Osteoarthritis is known to be chronic, debilitating joint disease. It is characterized by progressive articular cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone remolding, and marginal reactive new bone formation causing pain and stiffness during movement. About 9.6% of males and 18% of females above 60 years old have symptomatic osteoarthritis all over. Substantial health and socioeconomic burden globally (Wallace et al 2017). Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) as well as matrixinduced autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI), gave incredible guarantee 80% of patients demonstrating (2020) 9:7 great outcomes at 10 years (Bentley et al 2013). Growing interest in regenerative medicine, using cell therapy, where cells were directly injected into the blood or into tissues, and tissue engineering, where cellular components in combination with engineered scaffolds and bioactive materials were used to induce functional tissue regeneration
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