Abstract
Obesity-related disruptions in female reproduction are a growing concern. The neuroendocrine regulation of female reproduction in the context of obesity involves the intricate interplay between adipokines and the Hypothalamus-Pituitary- Ovarian (HPO ) axis. In this review, we explore the role of adipokines, particularly leptin and adiponectin, in regulating neuroendocrine female reproduction in the context of obesity. Leptin, primarily produced by adipocytes, plays a pivotal role in signaling energy status to the brain. However, excessive levels of obesity can lead to leptin resistance, affecting the HPO axis and causing menstrual irregularities and fertility issues. Adiponectin, on the other hand, is reduced in obesity and influences insulin sensitivity and ovarian function. We delve into the impact of altered adipokine levels on the HPO axis, discussing disruptions in hormone secretion, oocyte maturation, and ovarian steroidogenesis. This study paves the way for further exploration of adipokine-related pathways and potential therapeutic targets, enhancing our understanding of the intricate relationship between obesity and female reproduction.
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