Abstract
The study of coral microbiota is of fundamental importance for a better understanding of the processes that determine its association with the holobiont, however, little is known about the basic mechanisms of this association. In this research, the objective was to isolate from corals without apparent signs of disease, the predominant bacteria of the community, determine their ability to adhere to the mucus produced by Pocillopora sp. and identify them molecularly. Corals of the genera Pocillopora sp. and Porites panamensis were recollected, the population of four groups of microorganisms (expressed as Log of CFU g-1) was quantified. Results indicated aerobic mesophilic bacteria (4.7 - 6.4), lactic acid bacteria (Ë‚1.0-5.8), bacteria of the Vibrio genus (Ë‚ 1.0-4.5), as well as fungi and yeasts (Ë‚1.0-3.6). 156 bacterial strains of the homogenized holobiont were isolated and those with the highest growth at 24 h were selected for the adhesion test, which consisted of 25 strains of Pocillopora sp. and 27 of P. panamensis. The adhesion test to the enzymatically labeled with HRP crude mucus extract of Pocillopora sp., showed that 82% of the strains adhere. DNA was extracted from all strains, however, with the universal oligonucleotides used, only 32 PCR products were obtained. 14 strains from Pocillopora sp. and 18 from P. panamensis were molecularly identified based on the sequencing and analysis of the 16S DNAr gene. The strains identified corresponded to 17 species, where the genus Bacillus predominated, with 64% in Pocillopora sp. and 44% in P. panamensis. The species of bacteria that share these corals are B. subtilis and Staphylococcus hominis. It is suggested that the identified adherent species have the ability to colonize coral mucus, are commensal and potentially beneficial, because they were isolated from apparently healthy corals.
Highlights
Fue examinada por microscopía de contraste de fases (Nikon Eclipse E-600), se realizaron las pruebas bioquímicas tinción de Gram, catalasa y oxidasa y posteriormente, la biomasa bacteriana de los cultivos puros se guardó a -85°C en PBS y 40 % (v/v)
Finalmente, el mucus se mezcló con volúmenes iguales de glicerol al 80% y se guardó a -20oC
Las cepas predominantes en los dos géneros de coral, aisladas de los 4 sitios de recolecta fueron 156, de las cuales 91 correspondieron a Pocillopora sp. y 65 a P
Summary
Suárez González, Irán, Oscar Piña Juárez, Maurilia Rojas Contreras, Marco Antonio. En esta investigación el objetivo fue aislar a partir de corales sin signos aparentes de enfermedad, las bacterias predominantes de la comunidad, determinar su capacidad de adhesión al moco producido por Pocillopora sp. Se aislaron 156 cepas bacterianas del holobionte homogeneizado y se seleccionaron aquellas con mayor crecimiento a las h para el ensayo de adhesión, que consistió en cepas de Pocillopora sp. El ensayo de adhesión al extracto crudo de moco de Pocillopora sp., marcado enzimáticamente con HRP mostró que el 82 % de las cepas se adhieren. Las especies de bacterias que comparten estos corales son B. subtilis y Staphylococcus hominis. Se sugiere que las especies identificadas adherentes tienen la capacidad de colonizar el moco del coral, son comensales y potencialmente benéficas, debido a que fueron aisladas de corales aparentemente sanos.
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