Adherence to Recommended Care in Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus Among Adolescents and Youths Attending the Diabetes Camp in Ogun State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Adolescents and youths living with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are known to have challenges in managing the condition and may be prone to poor glycaemic control and complications. Objectives: To assess the level and adequacy of care for adolescents and youths living with T1DM. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted among adolescents and youths living with T1DM who attended the 2023 Ogun Youth Diabetes Camp. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information. Results: Twenty-five participants with a mean age of 18.0±3.9 years (range 13-24 years) were recruited, with 80% being females. The mean HbA1c was 7.1 ± 1.8%, and in-camp postprandial glucose values were mostly high (76%). The mean age at diagnosis of T1DM was 11.7±4.8 years. One participant had T1DM for < 2 years, 11 for 2-5 years, and 13 for > 5 years. Among those who had lived with T1DM for more than 5 years, ten had been referred to a dietitian, nine to an ophthalmologist, and two to a neurologist. One participant had been screened for thyroid disorder. Conclusion: The adolescents and youths living with T1DM in this survey had suboptimal glycaemic control, and evaluation by their care providers during clinic visits was also suboptimal. Therefore, they may be at increased risk of developing complications. It is recommended that all stakeholders lend timely and aggressive support to these individuals to ensure adequate management and prevent complications.