Adenoma pleomorfo de la mama. A propósito de un caso

Abstract

ObjectivePleomorphic adenoma shows wide architectural and cytological heterogeneity and is consequently classified as a mixed tumour. These benign adenomas are characteristically composed of epithelial and myoepithelial cells with mesenchymal stroma and are usually located in the salivary glands. Localisation in the breast is extremely infrequent for this type of tumour. Case reportWe report the case of a 76-year-old female patient with no prior history of breast disease who was assessed in the surgery outpatient clinic for unilateral serosanguinous secretion from the right breast associated with a nodule of approximately 2cm in diameter. After workup, it was decided to extirpate the tumour. Histological findings indicated a heterogeneous tumour with a predominance of myoepithelial cells, compatible with pleomorphic adenoma. DiscussionPleomorphic adenoma of the breast is a benign epithelial tumour whose histological pattern is similar to that of pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands. The most important histological features are osseous and myxochondroid metaplasia, together with the presence of calcifications, epithelial tissue (with or without glandular differentiation) and myoepithelial tissue. This wide structural variety is what characterises these tumours. The differential diagnosis should be performed with malignant disease, which these adenomas frequently mimic. Pleomorphic adenomas are very infrequent in the breast and are usually well-demarcated, solitary, elastic and non-adherent tumours. Despite their benign behaviour (there have been no reported cases of distant metastases), treatment is surgical, with good resection margins to avoid recurrences.