Abstract
In this paper we describe metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes in general, and laser bed fusion processes in particular. The process characteristics are described, and the various modelling approaches demonstrated. The open AM architecture developed at DTU Mechanical Engineering is introduced, as well as an alternative process chain based on AM and subsequent injection moulding.
Highlights
Additive manufacturing (AM) [1,2], is a hypernym that covers a family of technologies that conversationally is known as 3D printing
In this paper we describe metal additive manufacturing (AM) processes in general, and laser bed fusion processes in particular
The open AM architecture developed at DTU Mechanical Engineering is introduced, as well as an alternative process chain based on AM and subsequent injection moulding
Summary
Additive manufacturing (AM) [1,2], is a hypernym that covers a family of technologies that conversationally is known as 3D printing. As the wire is advanced, a plasma arc is formed between the anode and cathode, melting and depositing the wire onto the work-piece This process has in recent years seen adaption for niche big-area additive manufacturing applications. Basic process steps of powder bed fusion (PBF) The metal powder bed fusion (PBF) process can be construed to have five major aspects which have considerable impact on the overall process: 1) Powder delivery and powder bed formation 2) Generation and delivery of energy source 3) Energy-material interaction 4) Local material consolidation 5) Global thermal processing The basic process chain, follows up the PBF with an important heat treatment postprocess aimed at relieving stresses and/or controlling the microstructure Each of these five steps are described in greater details in subsequent sections. Local material consolidation The energy-material interaction can lead to two distinct types of material consolidation, namely sintering and melting/fusion
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