Additive Influence of Carbon and Carbides of Vanadium and Chrome in Anodic Tungsten-Cobalt Materials on their Erosive Fragility and Formation of the Alloyed Layer at ESA of Steels 35

Abstract

The effect of electric-spark deposition (ESD) on carbon steel 35 by functional-gradient electrode materials based on tungsten carbide with additions of chromium and vanadium carbides is shown. These dopants increase the total weight gain of the cathode and the mass transfer coefficient at ESD. The change of anode material erosion resistance parameters and roughness of alloyed layers using Ra, Rz, Rp, Rq, Tn parameters were studied. It is shown that an increase in the roughness parameters is observed with a decrease in the duty cycle and with an increase in the duration of the pulses in the period of the electric-spark discharge, as well as with an increase in the total gain of the cathode and with mass transfer coefficient. For the studied anode materials, an averaged series of increasing erosion resistance was obtained for ESA: M1→ BK15→ BK8→ M210% → M28%. and a series of increasing roughness parameters Ra, Rz, Rp, Rq, Tn: BK8→ BK15→ M28%→ M210%→ M1. With a long-term ESD up to t = 20 min, the dependence of the roughness parameter growth on the increase of ΣΔк, Кср and processing regimes and processing modes tsк, tр remains the same. It has been established that the addition of grain growth inhibitors 0.4Cr3C2 + 0.4VC and 0.4VC-0.4Cr3C2 + 0.4C to anodic W-Co materials significantly increases the total cathode weight ΣΔк, mass transfer coefficient Kp and the thickness of the alloyed layer in ESA steel 35, at the same time, the microhardness of the alloyed layer remains almost the same.