Abstract

Progress in paleoclimatology increasingly occurs via data syntheses. We describe additions to a collection prepared for use in paleoclimate state estimation, specifically the Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR). The 2290 additional series include 2152 tree ring chronologies and 138 other series. They supplement the collection used previously and together form a database titled LMRdb 1.0.0. The additional data draws from lake core, ice core, coral, speleothem, and tree ring archives, using published data primarily from the NOAA Paleoclimatology archive and a set of tree ring width chronologies standardized from raw International Tree Ring Data Bank ring width series. In contrast to many previous paleo compilations, the data were not selected (screened) on the basis of their environmental correlation, multi-century length, or other attributes. The inclusion of proxies sensitive to moisture and other environmental variables expands their use in data assimilation. A preliminary calibration using linear regression with mean annual temperature reveals characteristics of the proxy series and their relationship to temperature, as well as the noise and error characteristics of the records. The additional records are structured as individual files in the NOAA Paleoclimatology format and archived at NOAA Paleoclimatology (Anderson et al. 2018) and will continue to be improved and expanded as part of the LMR Project. The additions represent a four-fold increase in the number of records available for assimilation, provide expanded geographic coverage, and add additional proxy variables. Applications include data assimilation, proxy system model development, and paleoclimate reconstruction using climate field reconstruction and other methods.

Highlights

  • Climate and environmental reconstructions from paleo proxy records often emphasize collections of proxy records

  • We describe 2290 additions to 571 previously available proxy records, assembled and structured to facilitate reanalysis of the last millennium

  • The intended applications include 1) the development and testing of proxy system models, 2) climate reconstruction using various methods such as climate field reconstructions, and 3) reanalysis combining proxy system models and reconstructions derived from model simulations

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Summary

Introduction

Climate and environmental reconstructions from paleo proxy records often emphasize collections of proxy records. Most reconstructions have focused on the Northern Hemisphere land surface where observations are concentrated (Mann, et al 2008; PAGES 2k Consortium 2013; MassonDelmotte et al 2013). Compilations of moisture-sensitive proxies are being developed using multiple proxies (Smerdon et al 2017) and tree ring databases (Cook et al 2009; Cook et al 2010). Some of these moisturesensitive chronologies are included here through incorporation of the Breitenmoser et al (2014) collection. The Last Millennium Reanalysis (LMR) (Hakim et al 2016; Emile-Geay et al 2018) used the PAGES 2k Consortium (2013) temperature-sensitive multi-proxy database, and subsequently used the

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