Additions to Aequatorium and Gynoxys (Asteraceae: Senecioneae) in Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru

Abstract

Gynoxys carpishensis, G. rimachiana, and Senecio tuestae are transferred to Aequatorium, Gynoxys regis is transferred to Paragynoxys, and Aequatorium cajamarcense, A. juninense, A. kingii, A. tovarii, Gynoxys chingualensis, G. jaramilloi, and G. hutchisonii are described as new. Specimens submitted for identification over the years include the following four undescribed species of Aequatorium B. Nord. and three undescribed species of Gynoxys Cass. from Bolivia, Ecuador, and Peru. Two Peruvian species are transferred from Gynoxys to Aequatorium, one Peruvian species is transferred from Senecio to Aequatorium, and an Ecuadorian species is transferred from Gynoxys to Paragynoxys (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec. These are in addition to results of many separate papers providing recent descriptions and additions in Aequatorium (Nordenstam, 1978; Diaz-Piedrahita & Cuatrecasas, 1990; Jeffrey, 1992) and Gynoxys (Sagastegui & Dillon, 1985; Dillon & Sagastegui, 1988; Funk & Robinson, 1989; Herrera, A., 1980; Robinson & Cuatrecasas, 1984; Sagastegui & Tellez-Alvarado, 1987). Aequatorium cajamarcense H. Robinson & J. Cuatrecasas, sp. nov. TYPE: Peru. Cajamarca: Prov. Cutervo, Distrito San Andres de Cutervo, Parque Nacional de Cutervo, caserio Pajonal, camino hacia Jaen (Chorro blanco), 2,600 m, 10 ago. 1987, Diaz & Osores 2585 (holotype, US; isotype, MO). A speciebus ceteris hujus generis in foliis ellipticis abaxialiter subglabris distinctissimum. Tree 18 m tall; internodes of young branches 0.8-30.0 cm long, glabrous or glabrescent with minute hairs near nodes, surface subcarnose, wrinkled when dry. Leaves opposite, petioles 1.0-2.5 cm long; blades subcoriaceous, elliptical, 6-12 cm long, 2-4 cm wide, base obtuse to shortly acute, margins remotely, minutely denticulate, apex acute to shortly and slightly acuminate, upper surface glabrous except for sparse, minute, granular hairs along veins, lower surface subglabrous with sparse granular hairs along veins and over surface, the hairs with short narrow bases, subglobular, with 13 short points; venation pinnate, with 8-11 veins on each side. Inflorescence terminal on branches, broadly corymbose with spreading, densely corymbose branches, ca. 6 cm high and 11 cm wide; peduncles 1-3 mm long, with dense, minute, granular pubescence. Heads ca. 6 mm high; calyculus with an occasional narrowly lanceolate bract; involucral bracts ca. 8, elliptical or oblong, 2.0-2.3 mm long, 1.0-1.2 mm wide, apices rounded, subglabrous outside, with sparse granular pubescence on median band. Rays ca. 3; corolla yellow, glabrous, tube ca. 1.5 mm long, limb elliptical, ca. 4 mm long, 1.5 mm wide. Disk florets ca. 5; corolla yellow, ca. 5.5 mm long, glabrous, tube ca. 2 mm long, throat narrowly campanulate, ca. 1 mm long, lobes ca. 2.5 mm long; anther collar ca. 0.35 mm long, anther thecae ca. 1.5 mm long, apical appendage ca. 0.4 mm long, 0.25 mm wide; tips of style branches rounded, with slightly longer papillae at the apex. Achenes ca. 1.8 mm long, subglabrous, with small, scattered, rounded, thin-walled, subsessile glands that lack evident septa; pappus ca. 4 mm long, with bristles in 1 crowded series, apices slightly but distinctly broadened. Pollen grains 37-40 utm diam. The genus Aequatorium was established by Nordenstam in 1978 based on two species of Senecioneae distinguished from Senecio by stellate hairs, elongate disk corolla lobes, cylindrical anther collars, and continuous but centrally depressed stigmatic surfaces on the style branches. The species had some resemblance to the genus Gynoxys in spite of having alternate leaves and blunt style tips. Still, some subsequent additions to the Aequatorium (Diaz-Piedrahita & Cuatrecasas, 1990; Jeffrey, 1992) have opposite or subopposite leaves and were originally described in Gynoxys. The new species is one of the members of the genus with opposite leaves, but it is most distinct in the very sparse pubescence on the lower leaf surfaces. The hairs are not truly stellate, but they are globular with 1-3 short points. Only A. rimachiana has pubescence on the abaxial NOVON 2: 411-416. 1992. This content downloaded from 157.55.39.153 on Mon, 19 Sep 2016 04:38:51 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms