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Abstract
Much is known about the regulatory elements controlling the cell cycle in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe). This regulation is mainly done by the (cyclin-dependent kinase/cyclin) complex (Cdc2/Cdc13) that activates specific target genes and proteins via phosphorylation events during the cell cycle in a time-dependent manner. However, more work is still needed to complement the existing gaps in the current fission yeast gene regulatory network to be able to overcome abnormalities in its growth, repair and development, i.e. explain many phenomena including mitotic catastrophe. In this work we complement the previously presented core oscillator of the cell cycle of fission yeast by selected phosphorylation events and study their effects on the temporal evolution of the core oscillator based Boolean network. Thereby, we attempt to establish a regulatory link between the autonomous cell cycle oscillator and the remainder of the cell. We suggest the unclear yet regulatory effect of phosphorylation on the added components, and discuss many unreported points regarding the temporal evolution of the cell cycle and its components. To better visualize the results regardless of the programming background we developed an Android application that can be used to run the core and extended model of the fission yeast cell cycle step by step.
Highlights
The fission yeast is an intensely-studied model organism [1]
In order to study the effects of phosphorylation events on the core oscillator during the cell cycle, we checked which of the 275 phosphorylation substrates [8] of Cdc2 are themselves transcription factors
Among the 40 distinct target genes we extracted from Pombase [12] and [2], 28 genes oscillate during the cell cycle (70% of the genes)
Summary
The fission yeast is an intensely-studied model organism [1]. no fully connected gene regulatory network of the fission yeast has been presented to date, many aspects of its life cycle have been revealed [2]. The fission yeast goes through two types of differentiation: 1) Cellular proliferation that is a very essential function of the cell that drives the cell growth and development. Starting from one cell, this process ends with two identical cells. 2) Sexual differentiation when there is lack of nutrients. The four phases of the cell division cycle are as usual: G1—S—G2—M. This results in ascospores that can give cells if the nutrients are resupplied [3] and the cells go through the cellular proliferation. We will focus on the cell cycle of fission yeast, we will discuss some points that are relevant to sexual differentiation as well
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