Added value from an added chromosome: Potential of producing large fillet fish from autumn to spring with triploid rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Abstract

Three-summers-old all-female triploid and diploid rainbow trout were compared after one on-growing season in sea net cages. Slaughter traits of round weight, gutted weight, fillet weight, carcass% and fillet% were measured at three times in November 2017, January and April 2018. The triploid group had lower daily growth coefficient mean (4.25) and higher feed conversion ratio (1.18) than diploids (4.48 and 1.05, respectively) during on-growing (June–November). In November, no difference of means was found between mature or immature diploids and triploids for any of the weight traits when the effect of vertebrae defects was statistically removed. However, the triploids had attained higher means than mature or immature diploids in gutted and fillet weight by January, suggesting that the loss of muscle mass during early winter was lower in triploids. Sexually maturing diploids (46%) had lower slaughter yield means compared to triploids or immature diploids at each measurement time, and these differences also increased during overwintering. Instead, the means of yield traits remained similar between the triploid and immature diploid groups through the winter. Likewise, fillet redness remained at equally high level in triploids and immature diploids, whereas in maturing diploids this attribute decreased substantially during overwintering. The triploid group had a higher incidence of vertebral defects (12.0%) than diploids (5.3%). The present results demonstrate the potential of triploid trout in producing large-sized (>2 kg) fillet fish until spring markets. However, more detailed investigations are needed, particularly regarding the animal health and growth efficiency in triploids, relative to their diploid counterparts.