Adaptive varieties of winter rye for cultivation in the arid zone of the north of the Astrakhan region

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study promising varieties of winter rye, as well as to assess their productive potential and adaptive properties when grown in arid conditions in the north of the Astrakhan region. The study included seven promising varieties of winter rye of Russian and Belarusian selection. Observations, counts and analyzes were carried out according to the methodology of the State Variety Testing, statistical processing - according to the method of B.A. Dospekhov. When calculating the coefficients of plasticity and stability, the S.A. Eberhart and W.A. Russell method presented by V.A. Zykin and others was used. As a result of three-year observations, varieties with high productivity, adapted to specific soil and climatic conditions, were identified. The highest yield has the varieties Yaselda, Zarnitsa and Zilant (1.09 t / ha, 1.31 t / ha and 1.46 t / ha, respectively), their excess over the standard was from 87.9 to 151.7%. The varieties Zarnitsa and Zilant with plasticity coefficients of 1.14 and 1.62, respectively, showed the highest degree of responsiveness to improving cultivation conditions. These varieties occupied an intermediate position among the varieties under study in terms of stability (?2d = 0.02). The most stable variety was Talovskaya 33 (?2d = 0.33).