Abstract
Understanding the effects of local knowledge on actions and decisions taken during a crisis is important; empirical studies and scientific data can be instructive to this end. This study integrated local knowledge (Pranata Mangsa) in Jawa, Indonesia, with scientific data on diurnal rainfall, extreme precipitation events, using the Local and Indigenous Knowledge System (LINKS). The results showed that Pranata Mangsa has informed aspects of agriculture including crop calendars, crop patterns, and farming activities, for over 1000 years in Jawa. Pranata Mangsa also enhances community resilience by mitigating the effects of extreme droughts; this finding was validated using scientific data.
Highlights
Extreme hydrological events, including drought and floods, occur in various parts of the world [1]
These results suggest that Pranata Mangsa has limitations in the size and location of the community; in line with the term of local knowledge, which is composed of understanding, skills, and philosophies developed by the local society with long histories of interaction with their natural surroundings
Our results indicated that Pranata Mangsa can be integrated with scientific data, enabling optimal strategies for disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) to be adopted by scientists, farmers, and policymakers
Summary
Extreme hydrological events, including drought and floods, occur in various parts of the world [1]. The mechanisms involved are extremely complex and poorly understood [2]. Global warming has affected the hydrological cycle, leading to more frequent and intense precipitation events [3]. Recent studies suggested that future global warming will lead to significant changes in the intensity and frequency of precipitation, which is very likely to be associated with a higher risk of urban drought and floods [4]. Drought can be classified into four categories: meteorological, agricultural, hydrological, and socio-economic drought [5]. There is no universally accepted definition of drought, and no index that applies to all types thereof [6]
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