Abstract
Egypt, where the mean temperature is expected to increase by 1−1.5°C over the next two decades, is particularly concerned with climate change in the Mediterranean. Most of the research works on adaptive animal traits have focused on sheep and goats in non-irrigated areas, with little interest in livestock systems in irrigated areas. However, meat and dairy products in Egypt are mainly supplied by large ruminants − cattle and buffaloes. In addition, research on genetic improvement to increase production has neglected local cattle breeds such as the Baladi, which appears to be endangered. Based on individual and collective interviews conducted in two governorates of Egypt, this study aimed to describe the situation of this local breed based on the perceptions and practices of the actors in the sector (including farmers, traders and service suppliers), and to draw perspectives for its future. From the interviews, the Baladi appeared adapted and more resistant to harsh conditions, especially to extreme warm temperatures, feed shortage periods, and some diseases, in particular foot-and-mouth disease. However, there is no organization or collective action to preserve or promote this breed because of its low level of dairy production, although its meat is highly valued in rural areas and could be the source of a potential niche market.
Highlights
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report confirmed the level of warming, especially in South Mediterranean countries
Based on individual and collective interviews conducted in two governorates of Egypt, this study aimed to describe the perceptions and practices related to the Baladi native breed, at farm and local levels
We propose to analyze the two sets of criteria related to adaptability and suitability, and examine how the local breed can become a relevant resource for future farming systems
Summary
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report confirmed the level of warming, especially in South Mediterranean countries (van Oldenborgh et al, 2013). To face the major expected effects of climate change, and the temperature increase in South Mediterranean countries, a renewed interest for the question of. 1. Animal Production Research Institute / Agricultural Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. 2. CIRAD, UMR Selmet, 34398 Montpellier, France. 4. CIRAD, UPR Green, 34398 Montpellier, France. 5. Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques, Montpellier, France
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