Adaptability and phenotypic stability of semi-prostate cowpea genotypes in Mato Grosso do Sul

Francisco Eduardo Torres,Alberto Cargnelutti Filho,Adriano dos Santos,Edivaldo Sagrilo,Paulo Eduardo Teodoro,Maurisrael de Moura Rocha

doi:10.14393/bj-v32n6a2016-32813

Abstract

Currently, cowpea growing covers three Brazilian regions, making essential the investigation of the magnitude of genotype x environment essential for choosing the best selection strategy and recommendation of cultivars. The aim of this study was to evaluate the adaptability and phenotypic stability of semi-prostate cowpea genotypes in sites from State of Mato Grosso do Sul based on different methodologies. We conducted four value of cultivation and use testing with lines and cultivars of cowpea genotypes in the years 2005 and 2006 in the municipalities of Aquidauana, Chapadao do Sul and Dourados. The experimental design was randomized complete block with 20 treatments and four replications. The grain yield data were submitted to individual and joint analysis of variance. Subsequently, data were submitted to adaptability and stability analysis by Eberhart and Russell (1966), Yates and Cochran (1938) (traditional) and Wricke (1965) methodologies. The genotypes BRS Xiquexique, TE97-304G-12, BR 17-Gurgueia and MNC99-541F-15 are the most suitable for growing in Mato Grosso do Sul by combine high yield grain, adaptability and phenotypic stability.

Highlights

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is an important low-cost protein source for human consumption in the North and Northeast of Brazil, where it is grown both by small farmers in subsistence conditions and small surplus volumes sale, as by medium and large producers aimed at national and international markets
Despite Brazil is the world's third largest producer, there is permanent deficit of the product offering in the country of around 102,281 tons in the Northeast and 17,577 tons in the North, indicating that there is necessity of increased production, which translates into opportunity for producers in these regions (FREIRE FILHO et al, 2011)
The largest Brazilian cowpea producers are the states of Ceará, Piauí and Mato Grosso do Sul (FREIRE FILHO et al, 2011; TORRES et al, 2015b)

Summary

Introduction

Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], is an important low-cost protein source for human consumption in the North and Northeast of Brazil, where it is grown both by small farmers in subsistence conditions and small surplus volumes sale, as by medium and large producers aimed at national and international markets. The largest Brazilian cowpea producers are the states of Ceará, Piauí and Mato Grosso do Sul (FREIRE FILHO et al, 2011; TORRES et al, 2015b). In this last, its cultivation has been expanded in recent years and its adoption has intensified with cultivation in large areas by corporate farmers who uses high technology in the fields. Due to the diversity of cowpea cultivation, which currently covers three Brazilian, it is very important to investigate the magnitude of genotype x environment interaction for choosing the best strategy selection and recommendation of cultivars (TEODORO et al, 2015 a,b). Among them Eberhart and Russel (1966), based on linear regression, and Yates and Cochran (1938) (traditional) and Wricke (1965) methods, both based on analysis of variance (FREIRE FILHO et al, 2002; FREIRE FILHO et al, 2003; ROCHA et al, 2007; ALMEIDA et al, 2012; BARROS et al, 2013; NUNES et al, 2014)

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Conclusion