Abstract
The study of ecological adaptability of different economic and biological indicators of intensive varieties of grain and leguminous crops for use in feed grain-grass crop rotation is aimed at increasing the production of high-quality concentrated feed. Objects of research: intensive varieties of spring wheat, barley, lupine (yellow, narrow - leaved and white), peas (sowing and field-PELs) and soybeans. In 3 experiments 13 varieties of spring wheat, 7 varieties of spring barley and 16 varieties of 6 types of legumes were studied. It was found that the adaptability of spring wheat, barley and peas against the background of intensive technology on a set of indicators above other cultures. The main stressor wheat varieties in the experiments, the deficiency of moisture and heat in the initial period of the growing season, spring barley - diseases (rust, leaf spot) pea pests (pea moth), Lupin, weeds and diseases, soy - sensitivity, lack of heat, weeds and disease.. On intensive soil fertility varieties of spring wheat «Lyubava», «Kamenka», «Madam», «Zlata» and «Rook» shaped grain crop at 7.3-8.0 t/ha, spring barley «Reliable» - 7.0 t/ha and peas «Before-100”-3,4 t/ha. the results of the comparison of the chemical composition and nutritional value of grain of different crops varieties have confirmed a special feeding value of soybean (14.5 and 15.3 MJ of energy; of 37.8-42.8 % of crude protein; The 17.8 was 23.0 crude fat in 1 kg DM), high contents of certain nutrients in the grain, other kinds: crude protein in yellow lupine (41,0 %) and white (of 37.3 and 39.9 %, respectively), starch - in cereals and peas (38,5 vs. 50.6 %), crude fiber - blue lupine (14,5-22,1 %), especially in determinantal varieties (of 20.9-22.1 per cent). Leguminous cultures were allocated by the greatest maintenance in grain of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and grain cultures - carrying out them with a crop. The grain of all kinds of lupine calcium content of the highest (3.8-5.5 g/kg), the lowest - in peas and wheat (0.8-1.1 g/kg BW).
Highlights
The study of ecological adaptability of different economic and biological indicators of intensive varieties of grain and leguminous crops for use in feed grain-grass crop rotation is aimed at increasing the production of high-quality concentrated feed
В группу самых продуктивных отнесены сорта Любава, Сударыня, Каменка, Злата и Ладья (73,1–80,3 ц/га зерна; 80,9–88,0 ГДж/га энергии и 84,3–90,5 ц/га к.ед.), которые достоверно превысили показатели районированного сорта Дарья: по урожайности – на 8,7–15,9 ц/га, выходу обменной энергии – на 11,1–18,2 ГДж/га и кормовых единиц – на 12,8–19,0 ц/га
Д. Повышение потенциала продуктивности яровой пшеницы в процессе селекции //Докл
Summary
Масса 1000 семян, г 40,6 43,8 47,7 48,9 44,1 46,5 45,5 42,9 47,7 44,6 43,6 45,7 43,5. Урожайность, выход обменной энергии и кормовых единиц изменялись по сортам пшеницы соответственно от 60,7 до 80,3 ц/га; от 67,0 до 88,0 ГДж/га и от 69,4–90,5 ц/га В группу самых продуктивных отнесены сорта Любава, Сударыня, Каменка, Злата и Ладья (73,1–80,3 ц/га зерна; 80,9–88,0 ГДж/га энергии и 84,3–90,5 ц/га к.ед.), которые достоверно превысили показатели районированного сорта Дарья: по урожайности – на 8,7–15,9 ц/га, выходу обменной энергии – на 11,1–18,2 ГДж/га и кормовых единиц – на 12,8–19,0 ц/га. Сорт Ульяновская 105 был менее продуктивным (60,7 ц/га зерна) и самым позднеспелым из изучаемых. Сортовые различия урожайности пшеницы достигали 33 %. Дарья (контроль) Ульяновская 105 Экада 109 Бурлак Екатерина Каменка Ладья Сударыня Рима Злата Агата Любава Лиза НСР05
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