Abstract
Peracetic acid (PAA) can potentially be used to treat against freshwater fish pathogens; however, there is a paucity of data about its toxicity to fish. Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus yolk-sac fry and swim-up fry were exposed to PAA for 48h in static toxicity bioassays at 23°C. The test water was 217 and 126mg/L (as CaCO3) total alkalinity and total hardness, respectively. Probit LC50 values were estimated with the trimmed Spearman–Karber method using nominal PAA concentrations (1.0, 1.3, 1.7, 2.2, 2.8, 3.7, 4.8, 6.3, and 8.2mg/L PAA). The mean 24- and 48-h LC50 values for yolk-sac fry and swim-up fry was 2.6mg/L PAA and 1.6mg/L PAA, respectively; the 24-h no observed effect concentration (NOEC) was 2.2mg/L PAA for yolk-sac fry and 1.3mg/L PAA for swim-up fry. Catfish yolk-sac fry were more tolerant of PAA than catfish swim-up fry by about 1.6-fold. Peracetic acid-related histopathology was analyzed in whole-body serial sections of swim-up fry at two selected doses of PAA: 2.2mg/L (1h post-treatment) and 1.7mg/L (48h post-treatment). Lesions consisted of severe gill damage in fish treated with 2.2mg/L PAA, and a moderate degeneration of the renal tubule epithelium within the posterior kidney in fish treated with 1.7mg/L PAA. An advantage to using PAA includes very low environmental impact considerations as it degrades to harmless residues rapidly. Results of the present study are important information needed by the aquaculture industry on a new, potential therapeutant.
Published Version
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