Abstract
Background: Acute leukemia in pregnancy is estimated to occur in less than one in one lakh pregnancies. Management of these patients differs by the trimester in which they present, because of the differential sensitivity of the fetus to chemotherapy during the three trimesters. Because of the rarity of this situation, there is scarcity of data on the management of these patients. Materials and method: We included patients with acute leukemia diagnosed and treated during pregnancy at our institute and reviewed 3 successive patients for this case series. Results and conclusion: Acute leukemia in pregnancy presents a unique challenge for treatment and requires multidisciplinary co-ordination for treatment. When judiciously managed, good outcomes of disease of mother and fetus can be achieved. Our three patients included one in each trimester; the first trimester patient underwent medical termination of pregnancy and has successfully completed treatment. The second trimester patient underwent induction chemotherapy and delivered a healthy baby. The patient diagnosed in the third trimester delivered a pre-term healthy baby during treatment and continues to be on chemotherapy.
Highlights
Cancers in pregnancy coexist at incidence of 0.1%
Acute leukemia in pregnancy presents a unique challenge for treatment and requires multidisciplinary co-ordination for treatment
Of the acute leukemia in pregnancy, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) occurs in two thirds followed by acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
Summary
Cancers in pregnancy coexist at incidence of 0.1%. The frequency and site of cancer are similar to those of non-pregnant women of the same age [1]. The incidence of acute leukemia occurring in pregnancy is one in one lakh pregnancies [2]. Treatment outcomes following chemotherapy are similar in pregnant women as compared with non-pregnant women [4, 5]. Acute leukemia in pregnancy is estimated to occur in less than one in one lakh pregnancies. Management of these patients differs by the trimester in which they present, because of the differential sensitivity of the fetus to chemotherapy during the three trimesters. Because of the rarity of this situation, there is scarcity of data on the management of these patients
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