Acute Kidney Injury and Urinary Sediment Abnormalities in Hospitalized Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Morocco

Abstract

Background: The novel coronavirus disease COVID-19 targets mainly the respiratory system, but may in severe cases affect other organs, causing, multiorgan damage, including cardiac injury and acute kidney injury (AKI). The aim of study was to determine the prevalence of AKI and urinary sediment abnormalities in patients with COVID-19 and evaluate the associated factors and outcomes in hospitalized patients. Material and Methods: All laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 admitted to the hospital during this period were involved in the study from 1st of July to the 1st of August 2020. Patients were subjected to Kidney function tests (KFT) and complete urine analysis. Results: Eighty-six COVID-19 patients were included in the present study. The median age of the patients was 43,29 years, and 53,5 % were males. AKI developed in 17 patients (19,8%). Of these, 23,5% required renal replacement therapy (RRT), and 13,9 % patients died. 45 (51.7%) patients displayed abnormality in urinalysis, such as proteinuria, hematuria, leukocyturia and or urinary urothelial cell. Elderly patients, patients with associated comorbidities are more commonly affected. Stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that age (hazard ratio [HR] [95% confidence interval (95%CI)]: 1.006[0.95-1.06], p=0.8], diabetes mellitus (HR [95%CI]: 10,68 [1,78-64], p=0,009) and hyperleucocytosis (HR [95%CI]: 4,63 [1,01-21,1], p=0,04) were independent predictors of AKI. Conclusion: Kidney dysfunction is common among patients with COVID-19. Patients who develop AKI have bad outcomes this brings us to give more interest in urinalysis and kidney impairment in COVID-19 patients, which should be monitored regularly.