Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction in Group B Recipient Associated with Group A Apheresis Platelet Donor: Case Report and Literature Review

Tracy R Shachner,Christopher T Clark

doi:10.1155/2018/8259531

Tracy R Shachner, Christopher T Clark

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8259531

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Journal: Case Reports in Medicine	Publication Date: Jun 24, 2018
Citations: 8	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Tennessee at Knoxville

Abstract

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is a known but rare potential adverse event related to platelet transfusion. Most reported cases of platelet-related hemolytic transfusion reaction have resulted from transfusion of platelets from group O donor to group A recipient. We identified only one prior case report in the literature of hemolytic transfusion reactions resulting from transfusion of apheresis platelets from group A donor to group B recipient. In that case report, two platelet units were obtained from a single donation and transfused into two separate patients. Both patients exhibited acute hemolytic reactions. The donor is reported to have high anti-B titers, as well as report of probiotic use. We report a case of acute hemolytic reaction in group B recipient following transfusion of apheresis platelets from group A donor with high-titer anti-B but unknown status of probiotic use. This case demonstrates that while low, there still exists potential risk for hemolysis from out-of-group A plasma transfusion.

Highlights

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is a known but rare potential adverse event related to platelet transfusion
Donor antibodies against human leukocyte antigens (HLA) are a major association reported with transfusion-associated acute lung injury (TRALI) [13]
The preand postmitigation TRALI risk was essentially unchanged for those receiving group AB plasma (26.3 cases per million units distributed with 60% male donors and 40% female donors). e bulletin states that 82% of plasma-mediated TRALI reported to the American Red Cross (23 cases from 2008 to 2011) involved female donors

Summary

Introduction

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction is a known but rare potential adverse event related to platelet transfusion. We identified only one prior case report in the literature of hemolytic transfusion reactions resulting from transfusion of apheresis platelets from group A donor to group B recipient.

Results

Conclusion