Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity Studies of Ethanol and Chloroform Extracts of Solanum giganteum Jacq. Leaves

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<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Objectives:</strong> To investigate the acute and subacute oral toxicity of ethanol and chloroform extracts <em>Solanum giganteum</em> Jacq (SG) leaves in a rodent for evaluating its safety profile. <strong>Methods: </strong><em>Solanum giganteum</em> Jacq leaves extract for the acute oral toxicity (300 to 5000 mg/kg) and subacute oral toxicity SG-Chloro (SGC 50, 200, 500 mg/kg) and SG-Alcohol (SGA 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg) studies were administered orally according to the guidelines 423 and 407 of OECD, respectively.<strong> Results:</strong> In the acute oral toxicity study, doses are administered by 300 mg/kg to 5000 mg/kg. SGA does not show toxicity up to 5000 mg/kg, SGC shows toxicity at a dose of 2000 mg/kg. In the subacute toxicity study, the daily oral treatment with extracts of SGA 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg, SGC 50, 200, 500 mg/kg of extracts for 28 days did not produce any death or hazard. Likewise, SGA 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg, SGC 50, 200 mg/kg of <em>Solanum giganteum</em> Jacq no significant changes were recorded in food intake, body weight gain, the biochemical and haematological parameter of control and treated rats. SGC 500 mg/ kg of significant changes were recorded in food intake and body weight gains were decreased compared to the control group. SGC 500 mg/kg of extract treaded group saw mild liver pathological findings characterized by abnormal hepatic configuration was observed with treated animals. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The acute and subacute toxicity study<em> Solanum giganteum </em>Jacq alcohol extract is considered relatively safe on acute and subacute oral exposure. <em>Solanum giganteum</em> Jacq chloroform extract shows acute toxicity at dose 2000 mg/kg and in subacute toxicity study, higher dose 500 mg/kg. <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Key words:</strong> Solanum giganteum, Acute toxicity, Aubacute toxicity, OECD, SG-Chloro, SG-alcohol.