Activity of Nadifloxacin (OPC-7251) and Seven Other Antimicrobial Agents against Aerobic and Anaerobic Gram-Positive Bacteria Isolated from Bacterial Skin Infections

Abstract

Background and Methods: The in vitro activity of nadifloxacin (OPC-7251), a novel topical fluoroquinolone, was assessed and compared with those of ofloxacin, oxacillin, flucloxacillin, cefotiam, erythromycin, clindamycin, and gentamicin against 144 Gram-positive bacteria: 28 Staphylococcus aureus, 10 Streptococcus spp., 68 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 36 Propionibacterium acnes, and 2 Propionibacterium granulosum strains. All strains originated from bacterial-infected skin disease and were isolated from patients with impetigo, secondary infected wounds, folliculitis and sycosis vulgaris, and impetiginized dermatitis. In vitro susceptibility of all clinical isolates was tested by agar dilution procedure and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined. Results: Nadifloxacin was active against all aerobic and anaerobic isolates. MIC₉₀ (MIC at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited) was 0.1 µg/ml for S. aureus, 0.78 µg/ml for both Streptococcus spp. and CNS, and 0.39 µg/ml for Propionibacterium spp. On the other hand, resistant strains with MICs exceeding 12.5 µg/ml were found in tests with the other antibiotics. For both CNS and Propionibacterium acnes, MIC₉₀ values ≧100 µg/ml were demonstrated for erythromycin. Ofloxacin, cefotiam, erythromycin, clindamycin and gentamicin exhibited MIC₉₀ values ≤1 µg/ml for some bacterial species tested. Both oxacillin and flucloxacillin were active against all investigated bacterial species with MIC₉₀ values ≤1 µg/ml. Conclusion: In summary, nadifloxacin, a topical fluoroquinolone, was found to be highly active against aerobic and anaerobic bacteria isolated from patients with infected skin disease, and seems to be a new alternative for topical antibiotic treatment in bacterial skin infections.