Abstract
BackgroundKawasaki disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology and most commonly occurs in children under 5 years old. Previous studies have found that the over-activation of lymphocytes is an important mechanism of Kawasaki disease. Activin A, also known as immunosuppressive factor P, is a multifunctional growth and transforming factor. However, whether activin A is involved in the regulation of peripheral lymphocytes activity in Kawasaki disease is unclear. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effect of activin A on the activity of peripheral lymphocytes in acute-phase Kawasaki disease.MethodsSeven patients with Kawasaki disease and seven healthy controls were studied. Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation. The activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells was investigated by flow cytometry. The expression of activin type IIA receptors was investigated by flow cytometry.ResultsImmune imbalance in CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes were detected in acute-phase Kawasaki disease. The expression of activin type IIA receptors on CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells was increased in acute-phase Kawasaki disease and decreased following treatment with activin A. Activin A suppressed the expression of CD25 and CD69 on CD8+ T cells and the expression of CD69 on CD19+ B cells.ConclusionsThe expression of activin type IIA receptor was increased on CD8+ T cells and CD19+ B cells in Kawasaki disease. Activin A suppressed the expression of CD25, CD69 and activin type IIA receptors on peripheral CD8+ T lymphocyte. Activin A plays different roles in different lymphocyte subsets and suppresses peripheral CD8+ T lymphocyte activity in acute-phase Kawasaki disease.
Highlights
Kawasaki disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology and most commonly occurs in children under 5 years old
We found that Activin type IIA receptor (ActRIIA), CD25 and CD69 expression was decreased on CD8+ T lymphocyte stimulated with activin A in vitro
In summary, the expression of ActRIIA on peripheral CD8+ T lymphocyte was increased in acute-phase Kawasaki disease and was decreased following cell stimulation by activin A in vitro
Summary
Kawasaki disease is an autoimmune disease characterized by systemic vasculitis of unknown aetiology and most commonly occurs in children under 5 years old. Previous studies have found that the over-activation of lymphocytes is an important mechanism of Kawasaki disease. Whether activin A is involved in the regulation of peripheral lymphocytes activity in Kawasaki disease is unclear. We aimed to investigate the effect of activin A on the activity of peripheral lymphocytes in acute-phase Kawasaki disease. Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, autoimmune-like, self-limited vasculitis disease that seriously threatens cardiac function. Previous studies suggest that over-activation of the immune system plays important. A paucity of IgA+ peripheral B cells in acute-phase Kawasaki disease has been reported, which continues through convalescence. Peripheral lymphocytes are imbalanced and abnormally activated in the acute phase of Kawasaki disease
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