Actively electromagnetic modulation of IHI-shaped terahertz metamaterial with high-efficiency switching characteristic

Abstract

We present terahertz (THz) metamaterial with multi-configurations, which are composed of H-shaped, II-shaped, and IHI-shaped configurations, respectively. By changing the geometrical dimension of H-shaped metamaterial, the electromagnetic response exhibits switch and bandwidth modulation characteristics between 0.20 THz and 0.30 THz. For II-shaped metamaterial, the electromagnetic response shows the single-resonance and dual-resonance switching and tunable free spectrum range (FSR) characteristics. The superimposed structures of H- and II-shaped metamaterials to form IHI-shaped metamaterial, which exhibits the combinations of H- and II-shaped metamaterials characterizations. The resonances could be switched at 0.25 THz, 0.55 THz, and 0.95 THz depending on the metamaterial pattern. To increase the flexibility of proposed device, there are composed of dual-layer IHI-shaped metamaterial on Si substrate. The FSR could be tuned from 0.16 THz to 0.05 THz by changing the height of top IHI-shaped metamaterial. These optical properties of IHI-shaped metamaterial open an avenue to be used in widespread applications with high portability, flexibility, and compatibility.