Abstract
The metabolic energy-dependent processes are thought to be the major bacterial mechanisms involved in the accumulation of solute in the cytoplasm. The two processes differ in an important aspect: in group translocation, the transported molecule is changed covalently during passage through the membrane, while in active transport the solute is accumulated in an unmodified form in the interior of the cell. It has been demonstrated that energy released by the electron transfer systems is not coupled to active transport via ATP. It has not yet been thoroughly established whether ATP can serve as the major source of energy for active transport in bacteria grown under glycolytic conditions it might be possible that electron-transfer systems which do not contain cytochromes supply the energy for active transport under these conditions. To obtain a complete understanding of the mechanism of active transport, a number of features remain to be elucidated. Among them are: involvement of electron-transfer intermediates in the translocation of protons; the role of the electrical potential, and the pH-gradient, in the energy coupling to active transport of different solutes; the molecular properties of the transport carriers and the mechanism of solute translocation.
Published Version
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