Abstract
The realization of quadratic transfer functions by an active band-pass filter is described. The hybrid-integrated circuit used consists of a three-terminal passive network, connected to a high-gain inverting amplifier. A design procedure for minimizing the gain–sensitivity product is given. By interchanging two connections between the passive network and the amplifier, the band-pass is converted into a band-stop characteristic. A pair of such circuits may be cascaded to generate a generalized biquadratic transfer function. Parasitic singularities due to each circuit are eliminated through pole-zero cancellation between the cascaded filters. In this manner, a wide range of transfer functions is realizable. A low-pass or a notch filter can be obtained by adding an isolating stage.
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