Activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress in premature aging via the inner nuclear membrane protein SUN2

Abstract

One of the major cellular mechanisms to ensure cellular protein homeostasis is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response. This pathway is triggered by accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen. The ER stress response is also activated in the premature aging disease Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS). Here, we explore the mechanism of activation of the ER stress response in HGPS. We findthat aggregation of the diseases-causing progerin protein at the nuclear envelope triggers ER stress. Induction of ER stress is dependent on the inner nuclear membrane protein SUN2 and its ability to cluster in the nuclear membrane. Our observations suggest that the presence of nucleoplasmic protein aggregates canbesensed, and signaled to the ER lumen, via clustering of SUN2. These results identify a mechanism of communication between the nucleus and the ER and provide insight into the molecular disease mechanisms of HGPS.