Activation energies of water vaporization from the bulk and from laponite, montmorillonite, and chitosan powders

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DSC has been employed to measure the vaporization kinetics of water from the bulk and from wet powders of laponite, Na-montmorillonite, and chitosan. The application of isoconversional kinetic analysis to the vaporization rate data has yielded the following average effective activation energies: 43.80 ± 0.03, 47.9 ± 0.4, 52.6 ± 0.9, and 56.2 ± 0.2 kJ mol −1 for vaporization from the bulk, laponite, sodium montmorillonite, and chitosan, respectively. A moderate increase in the activation energy is comparable to the hydrogen bond energy and can be explained by interaction between water and solid surfaces.