Abstract
Bells have belonged to nearly every culture in history. The oldest surviving bells from the Near East and China are thought to be over 3000 years old. Many ancient Chinese bells, by virtue of their oval shape, have two distinctly different strike notes, separated in pitch by about a major or minor third. Bells developed as Western musical instruments in the 15th and 16th centuries when bell founders learned how to tune their partials harmonically. The acoustical behavior of Western church bells, carillon bells, and handbells are compared to those of ancient Oriental bells. Recently carillon bells with a major third replacing the traditional minor third partial have been developed [A. Lehr, Music Percept. 4, 267 (1987)].
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