Acoustic distortion products from the cochlea of the blind African mole rat, Cryptomys spec.

Abstract

The measurement of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions is a noninvasive method that can be used for assessing the sensitivity and the frequency tuning of nonlinear cochlear mechanics. During stimulation with two pure tones f1 and f2, the acoustic 2f1-f2 distortion was recorded in the ear canal of Cryptomys spec. to study specializations in cochlear mechanics that could be associated with the presence of a frequency expanded cochlear region between 0.8-1 kHz. In addition, a distortion threshold curve was obtained which describes relative threshold of nonlinear cochlear mechanics. Sensitive distortion thresholds could be measured for stimulus frequencies between 0.4 to 18 kHz with a broad minimum between 0.75 to 2.5 kHz. The distortion threshold curve extends to higher frequencies than previous neuronal data indicated. As a measure of mechanical tuning sharpness in the cochlea, suppression tuning curves of 2f1-f2 were recorded. The tuning curves reflected the typical mammalian pattern with shallow low frequency and steep high frequency slopes. Their tuning sharpness was poor with Q10dB values between 0.3 and 1.88. In the range of the frequency expanded region, the Q10dB values were below 0.5. This finding emphasizes that the presence of frequency expansion does not necessarily lead to enhanced mechanical tuning in the cochlea and one has to consider if in certain bat species with cochlear frequency expansion and particularly sharp cochlear tuning, the two phenomena may not be interlinked.