Acid modification of clays from the Kalzhat, Orta Tentek deposits and study their physical-chemical properties

Abstract

This research work is an acid modification of Kalzhat and Orta Tentek clays. Kazakhstan is rich in large deposits, and the Kalzhat and Orta Tentek deposits are not fully explored, therefore, in this research work, these deposits were studied. The activation of clays Kalzhat and Orta Tentek deposits of the Republic Kazakhstan with 5% and 10% hydrochloric acid solutions was carried out. Using X-ray fluorescence analysis and scanning electron microscopy, the chemical composition and morphology of the initial and modified clay samples were established. Using the X-ray diffraction method, it was established that the main rock-forming mineral of the Kalzhat and Orta Tentek clays is montmorillonite. It has been established that modification with hydrochloric acid leads to a decrease and leaching of calcium, potassium, magnesium, barium, zinc, aluminum and molybdenum ions from samples of both clays and an increase in the content of iron ions. It is shown that the zeta potentials of the initial clays are negatively charged and acid modification leads to a decrease in the negative value of the zeta potential due to a decrease in alkali and alkaline earth metal ions in the clay.