Aceh traditional village landscape patterns as a way of adapting to the climate in modern housing

Abstract

There are always certain considerations behind the presentation of architectural works by our ancestors, including the formation of traditional Acehnese village landscape patterns. The form of traditional architectural works reflects solutions to the environment, socio-culture, and technology of the supporting community as a form of local wisdom. This paper aims to examine the reasons for the formation of traditional Acehnese village landscape patterns in the past, and how they relate to modern housing landscape patterns in Banda Aceh City based on climate variables. A literature study was conducted to find out the elements and patterns of the village landscape that will be used as parameters to analyze samples of modern housing from three different areas in Banda Aceh City, namely the North, Central, and South. This paper concludes that the pattern of traditional Aceh settlements is formed from housing zoning, public facilities, arable land, and forests as village boundaries with a group pattern. This pattern is formed based on a geographical and climatic approach that is adapted to the contours of the land and building technology, resulting in a mitigation system against frequent storms and a cross-ventilation system for residential buildings. While the relevance of its application to the landscape pattern of modern housing produces different characteristics based on several adjustments to changes in socio-cultural, material, and transformed building technology.