Accurate measurement of the frequency offset of the laser based on electromagnetically induced transparency

Abstract

We propose a method using electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to measure the frequency offset of the laser relative to a cavity’s resonance frequency, thereby reducing the laser detuning when preparing Rydberg atoms. Laser reflection by the vapor cell enables observation of two EIT peaks corresponding to the co-propagating and counter-propagating beams, and the peaks’ position is related to laser detuning, allowing us to estimate the frequency offset of the probe and coupling lasers. The method reduces the measurement uncertainty compared to directly observing saturated absorption spectroscopy (SAS) and EIT, making it suitable for applications that require strict control over laser detuning.