Abstract
Reverse electrodialysis is a promising membrane technology to generate energy from controlled mixing of water streams of different salinities. Electrical potentials generate on the ion exchange membranes (IEMs) when selective transport of cations and anions across the membranes driven by concentration difference. The accurate determination of the potentials developed on the IEMs is critical to fairly assess the feasibility of the technology. The Nernst–Planck–Poisson (NPP) equations for IEMs (the membranes with fixed charge) were solved numerically with the boundary updating scheme. The validity of this numerical method was verified by the identical values of Donnan potential obtained with the well-established analytical methods. The suitability and applicability of the classic Teorell–Meyer–Siever (TMS) model were assessed by comparison to the simulation results from the numerical method.
Highlights
All simulations reported below were done at a PC with CPU of Intel i7-9700 at 3.00 Ghz, on which a numerical solution can be obtained in a few seconds
As a demonstration of the boundary updating scheme, Donnan potential was calculated by solving the NPP equations with solutions of equal concentrations on both sides of an anion exchange membranes (AEMs)
The results show that there are some ion exchanges between the initially neutral membrane and solutions
Summary
Salinity gradient energy (SGE) is a type of clean and renewable energy embodied in water streams of different salinities [1,2]. Imposed boundary conditions were often used in the numerAn optional method for the membrane potential is to directly seek numerical solutions ical ofsolutions in previous studies until we recently developed a boundary updating the NPP equations without the commonly used simplifications and assumptions [17,18,19,20]. Imposed boundary conditions were often used in the numerical solutions inThe previous until developed boundary updating scheme to handle main studies objective of we thisrecently article is to applyathe boundary updating scheme to deterthis challenge successfully [23] With this scheme, the equations for a membrane of mine the potential developed on the membranes with fixed charges.
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