Abstract
It has been demonstrated that the use of solvent additives can substantially increase the rate of radiation-induced graft polymerization in the systems polyethylene–styrene, polypropylene–styrene, polyvinyl chloride–styrene, nylon–styrene, polyethylenemethyl acrylate, polypropylene–methyl acrylate, nylon–methyl acrylate. Teflonmethyl acrylate, and polyethylene–tert-butylaminoethyl methacrylate. Two different mechanisms have been shown to be responsible for the observed accelerative effects. One is the incursion of a Trommsdorff effect due to the insolubilization of the growing graft polymer chains in the solvent–monomer medium. The other mechanism is the enhancement in the degree of accessibility of monomer to grafting sites within the polymer brought about by the greater ability of the solvent additive to swell certain base polymers.
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