Abstract
Winter maintenance of roads with inappropriate deicers causes much damage to road infrastructures. Researchers have always looked for suitable alternatives to salts or methods to increase the resistance of asphalt mixtures against chloride-based deicers. In this research, an accelerated laboratory method was used to investigate the effect of different deicers on nano-modified silane-based asphalt mixtures. Asphalt mixture samples were made by gyratory compaction method, and after core extraction, they were exposed to moisture and a solution of salt, Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA), and Potassium Acetate (KAc) for 96 h at 60 °C. Afterward, their fracture characteristics were measured at low and intermediate temperatures, and the results were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Statistical analysis showed that although there is no significant difference between the fracture toughness of asphalt mixtures at 0 °C in the presence of distilled water, CMA, and KAc, the reduction in the fracture toughness of samples is much greater in the presence of brine solution so that the fracture toughness of this mixture experienced a 30% reduction compared to the dry sample. Submerging the specimens in the brine solution reduces the resistance of asphalt mixture to cracking at both low and intermediate temperatures, while KAc has the least damaging effect on the fracture toughness of asphalt mixtures. Based on visual inspection and test results, CMA causes additional stress and cracking in asphalt specimens and reduces their resistance to fracture at intermediate temperatures. The silane-based anti-stripper, maintains the fracture toughness of asphalt mixture samples submerged in distilled water and the deicers at 0 °C at almost constant levels but reduces the Jc parameter in all samples. Also, conditioning in the deicers has a greater effect than binder type on the fracture toughness of asphalt mixtures at 0 °C. Besides, there is a strong interaction between binder and deicer type on stress intensity factor, K1c, of asphalt mixtures.
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