Abstract
At sea, the electrical power system of a ship can be considered as an islanded microgrid. When connected to shore power at berth, the same power system acts as a grid connected microgrid or an extension of the grid. Therefore, ship microgrids show some resemblance to terrestrial microgrids. Nevertheless, due to the presence of large dynamic loads, such as electric propulsion loads, keeping the voltage and frequency within a permissible range and ensuring the continuity of supply are more challenging in ship microgrids. Moreover, with the growing demand for emission reductions and fuel efficiency improvements, alternative energy sources and energy storage technologies are becoming popular in ship microgrids. In this context, the integration of multiple energy sources and storage systems in ship microgrids requires an efficient power management system (PMS). These challenging environments and trends demand advanced control and power management solutions that are customized for ship microgrids. This paper presents a review on recent developments of control technologies and power management strategies proposed for AC ship microgrids.
Highlights
Diesel engine driven or gas turbine driven generators are the sources found in conventional ship microgrids, which are generally known as gensets
With the growing demand for low emissions and fuel efficiency improvements in the maritime industry, alternative energy sources and energy storage technologies are becoming popular in ship microgrids
This paper presents a review on ship microgrid architectures, control technologies, and recent developments in power management strategies
Summary
Diesel engine driven or gas turbine driven generators are the sources found in conventional ship microgrids, which are generally known as gensets. Even though there are different opinions on solar and wind installations on shipboards, as their contribution to the power generation is not significant compared to gensets, in certain ship types, the contribution can be non-marginal, and a growing trend can be observed in research and relevant technology development in these areas [5,6]. Out of these alternative energy sources, the fuel cell has been identified as the most promising technology for ships [4,7]. This paper serves as a useful reference for academic researchers and practicing engineers in the field of ship microgrids
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