Abstracts of the Fourth Brainstorming Research Assembly for Young Neuroscientists (BraYn), Italy, 20-22 October 2021.

Giovanni Ferrara

doi:10.3390/neurolint14010010

Abstract

On behalf of the BraYn Association, we are pleased to present the s of the Fourth Brainstorming Research Assembly for Young Neuroscientists, which was held from 20–22 October 2021. We congratulate all the presenters on their research work and contribution.

Highlights

The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) is a zoonotic virus capable of causing an acute respiratory infectious disease and primarily spreading through the respiratory tract
The thymus is composed of spatially discrete areas, each of which is characterized by the presence of particular stromal cells, including mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) and T lymphocyte precursors at defined maturation stage
We speculated that sympathetic nervous system (SNS) may promote T-cell generation through NE-mediated activation of β3AR expressed by stromal cells in thymus

Summary

Introduction

The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARSCoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV) is a zoonotic virus capable of causing an acute respiratory infectious disease and primarily spreading through the respiratory tract. The virus is highly transmissible human to human and causes severe problems, especially in the elderly and people with underlying chronic diseases. The ACE-2 receptors have been identified as likely infection points for the SARS-CoV-2, and they are broadly expressed in the vascular endothelium, respiratory epithelium, alveolar monocytes, macrophages, neurons, and glial cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play central role in inflammatory processes, and they could be plausible targets in ALS related to immunological reaction to motor neuron loss. We previously demonstrated that leukocyte-derived EVs are upregulated in ALS patients, and they can be considered markers of disease progression

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