Abstract
Background: Adipokines, produced by adipose tissues, contribute to the development of obesity-related metabolic traits. It is unclear, however, if greater physical activity favorably affects cardiometabolic profiles by influencing levels of key adipokines. We related physical activity, as measured by accelerometry, to circulating levels of novel adipokines, including retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4), adipocyte-fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP), adiponectin, leptin and leptin-receptor (LEP-R), in a large community-based sample. Methods: We evaluated 2063 participants in the 3rd generation Framingham Heart Study cohort (mean age 47 years, 55% female) who underwent objective assessment of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by an accelerometer. MVPA was measured in total minutes, and in bouts ≥10 minutes (MVPA10) and nonbouts (MVPA<10 minutes). Blood adipokine levels were log-transformed and related to MVPA, using separate regression models for each adipokine, adjusted for age, sex, smoking, and season. Results: On average, participants engaged in 28 minutes/day of MVPA, 19 minutes/day of nonbout MVPA and 9 minutes/day of MVPA10. Mean adipokine levels were 40.7 ± 10.7 ng/ml for RBP-4, 18.6 ± 10.3 ng/ml for A-FABP, 11.4 ± 12.9 ng/ml for leptin, 19.6 ± 8.6 ng/ml for LEP-R, and 8.7 ± 5.5 ng/ml for adiponectin. Total MVPA, as well as MVPA10 and nonbout MVPA, were inversely related to leptin and A-FABP and positively associated with levels of adiponectin (See Table). The directionality of the observed associations - positive for adiponectin and negative for leptin and A-FABP- were consistent with greater physical activity being related to a more favorable cardiometabolic profile. Conclusions: In our cross-sectional study of a large community-based sample, both bout and nonbout MVPA were significantly related to a favorable adipokine profile. Additional longitudinal observations are warranted to assess if physical activity influences cardiometabolic health through alterations in adipokine levels.
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