Abstract A44: The influence of dietary one-carbon metabolites on gut dysbiosis during pre-malignant hematopoiesis

Abstract

Abstract TET2 loss-of-function mutations induce a pre-malignant state known as clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP). CHIP occurs in approximately 10% of people over 65 years of age and confers a 10-fold greater risk of developing hematological malignancy. Several environmental factors, including radiation, sleep deprivation, atherosclerosis, and diet, have been associated with the expansion of pre-malignant clones in CHIP patients. Tet2-deficiency in mice has also been shown to trigger a pro-inflammatory state with increased intestinal permeability and accelerated myeloid expansion. Gut microbes exert an influence on host disease progression through the synthesis of many compounds including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which promote gut barrier integrity. Dietary levels of one-carbon metabolites and cofactors, including methionine and folate, have been found to alter gut microbial composition in disease-free adults and influence SCFA production in the gut in murine models. Given the connection between diet, SCFAs and gut permeability, we sought to determine the impact of dietary one-carbon metabolites on gut microbial composition and function in a murine model of pre-malignant hematopoiesis. We performed competitive bone marrow transplantation assays in mice fed diets with altered one-carbon metabolite supplementation, such as high and low folate or methionine. We found that differential supplementation with these one-carbon metabolites did not influence the competitiveness of Tet2-deficient hematopoietic cells, however, increased dietary methionine promoted a myeloid lineage differentiation bias and an elevation in circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. After 8 months of dietary treatment, fecal samples were collected, and shotgun sequencing was performed to examine the role of one-carbon metabolite levels on gut microbial diversity. Alterations in dietary methionine and folate caused significant changes to gut microbial composition in Tet2-deficient mice. High folate or methionine supplementation led to a decrease in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes and high folate supplementation was also associated with decreased alpha diversity and a decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria in the gut. These studies highlight the potential influence of dietary one-carbon metabolites on the microbiome and inflammatory microenvironment of pre-malignant hematopoiesis. Citation Format: Peter Lyon, Praveen Singh, Byron Fang, Victoria Strippoli, Sabita Roy, Luisa Cimmino. The influence of dietary one-carbon metabolites on gut dysbiosis during pre-malignant hematopoiesis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference: Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome; 2023 Jan 23-25; Austin, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Blood Cancer Discov 2023;4(3_Suppl):Abstract nr A44.