Abstract 7028: Optimization of DNA extraction methods and DNA methylation array quality from FFPE prostate tumor tissues to identify DNA methylation biomarkers

Abstract

Abstract Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer related deaths among men in the United States. Health disparities in men diagnosed with prostate cancer are observed between patients of African and those of European ancestry. To elucidate molecular mechanisms behind prostate tumorigenesis and racial disparities, researchers have identified genetic alterations such as gene fusions, deletions, and mutations that occur at varying frequencies among different ethnic groups. However, results are inconsistent across studies, suggesting that racial disparities may be multifactorial. Our approach to further understand the mechanisms underlying racial disparities is to compare DNA methylation profiles between cancers from different ethnic groups using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) prostate cancer tissue samples. For this study, FFPE prostate cancer specimens from 32 Black men and 30 age-matched White men were obtained in the form of tissue sections on glass slides. To profile DNA methylation in these samples, tumor and normal tissue regions (in a subset of cases) were outlined on a hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) reference slide and the respective regions were macro-dissected off the corresponding unstained slides from the same block. The areas of macro-dissected regions were measured using ImageJ, and the number of slides were taken to normalize DNA yield. Next, we compared magnetic bead and column based DNA extraction methods. We evaluated them on their relative DNA yield per tissue size, and identified that the bead-based extraction method had both higher and more consistent DNA yield. In total, we used 95 unique tissue regions to profile global DNA methylation levels using Illumina Epic array. We found that a subset of samples harbored an aberrant DNA methylation pattern. Therefore, we extracted DNA from additional FFPE tissue slides using the bead-based method and repeated the assay with a larger amount of DNA, successfully rescuing the majority of the aberrant samples. Next, we will evaluate associations between DNA methylation levels in different ethnic groups, clinicopathological features, and follow-up data to help identify potential DNA methylation biomarkers and therapeutic targets linked to prostate cancer from different ethnicities. Citation Format: Colton Duran Stensrud, Leonardo Gonzalez-Smith, Claire Stevens, Huan Cao, Jenaye Mack, Olumide Arigbede, Daniel Weisenberger, Sarah G. Buxbaum, Sara M. Falzarano, Suhn Rhie. Optimization of DNA extraction methods and DNA methylation array quality from FFPE prostate tumor tissues to identify DNA methylation biomarkers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 7028.