Abstract 6800: The tumor progression mechanism of increasing CXCL16-CXCR6 pathway within the tumor microenvironment in TNBC

Abstract

Abstract Background: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized rapid progression, higher relapse, and poor prognosis, so the establishment of an effective therapeutic target is required. CXCL16, a chemokine abundantly present in the TNBC tumor microenvironment (TME), is secreted by tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) and is known to promote tumor growth and metastasis. However, the exact mechanism through which CXCL16 facilitates tumor growth and metastasis remains unclear. This study aims to study the role of CXCL16 in the tumor progression and confirm the anti-tumor effects of CXCL16 neutralization in TNBC model. Method: MDA-MB-231 human TNBC cell lines were utilized for in vitro validation, and a syngeneic model involving 4T1 mouse TNBC cell lines and Balb/c mice was used for in vivo studies. Results: Stimulation of TNBC cells with recombinant human CXCL16 protein (rhCXCL16) activates the tumor growth signaling pathways, including pAKT and STAT3, as well as EMT markers. These results shows that CXCL16 can promote tumor growth and metastasis. Treatment with CXCL16 neutralizing antibodies inhibited the promotion of cancer growth and metastasis by rhCXCL16. Additionally, combination treatment of CXCL16 antibodies with PD-1 antibodies in the 4T1 syngeneic model increased the proportion of CD8+ T cells and CD80+ M1 like macrophages. These results shows that neutralization of CXCL16 can regulate polarization of macrophage and proportion of T cells. These regulation and changes of immune cells allow neutralization of CXCL16 control the TME to resist tumor cells, suggesting that optimal condition can be constructed to maximize the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs. Conclusion: This study confirms that the CXCL16-CXCR6 pathway within the TME triggers tumor growth and metastasis, while neutralization of CXCL16 can inhibit tumor progression. This effect is attributed to the increase in CD8+ T cell and M1 macrophage proportions within the TME. In conclusion, these research findings propose the potential of CXCL16 as a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for TNBC. Citation Format: Yun sun Lee, Cham Han Lee, Seong Yun Ha, Sang Hyeob Lee, Jin Yi Yang, Young Sang Kim, Sung Moo Kim, Seong Keun Kim. The tumor progression mechanism of increasing CXCL16-CXCR6 pathway within the tumor microenvironment in TNBC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6800.