Abstract 59: Social Determinants of Health and Incident Apparent Treatment Resistant Hypertension in a National Cohort of Black and White US Adults

Abstract

Background: Identifying social determinants of health (SDOH) associated with incident apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) may guide interventions to reduce the incidence of aTRH and its associated cardiovascular disease risk. Methods: We analyzed data from 2,769 White and 2,254 Black US adults from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study taking antihypertensive medication with controlled blood pressure (BP) at baseline to estimate the association of SDOH with incident aTRH. SDOH were guided by the Healthy People 2030 domains of education, economic stability, social context, neighborhood environment and healthcare access. Incident aTRH was defined as systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg, systolic BP ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic BP ≥80 mm Hg for those with diabetes or chronic kidney disease, while taking ≥3 classes of antihypertensive medication or taking ≥4 classes of antihypertensive medication regardless of BP level, at a follow-up visit. Results: Over a median 9.5 years of follow-up, 16.1% of White versus 23.7% of Black adults developed aTRH. After age and sex adjustment, the SDOH associated with incident aTRH (hazard ratio; 95% CI) included having less than a high school education (1.51; 1.22 - 1.87), being a high school graduate (1.30; 1.10 - 1.53), and attending some college (1.29; 1.10 - 1.52) versus college graduate; annual household income <$20,000 (1.83; 1.46 - 2.30), $20,000 to <$35,000 (1.53; 1.23 - 1.90) and $35,000 to <$75,000 (1.24; 1.00 - 1.53) versus ≥$75,000; having no one to care for you if ill (1.29; 1.08 - 1.55); living in a disadvantaged neighborhood in quartiles 1 (1.72; 1.42 - 2.08) and 2 (1.48; 1.22 - 1.80) versus 4, or a high poverty zip code (1.26; 1.09 - 1.47); not having health insurance (1.36; 1.06 - 1.74) and residing in a state with low public health infrastructure (1.17; 1.02 - 1.33). Results stratified by race are presented in the Table. Conclusion: SDOH were associated with transitioning from controlled BP to incident aTRH among White and Black adults.