Abstract
Rationale: The shape and membrane dynamics of individual red blood cells (RBCs) are known to play a significant role in their functionality. The morphodynamics of RBCs optimizes their flow properties in vessels and capillaries, which is important for the balance and optimal distribution of blood and nutrients to the tissues. It is also crucial in pathological contexts because changes can influence vascular and microvascular hemodynamics. It can dysregulate vascular function through the modulation of oxygen delivery and the scavenging and generation of nitric oxide. Therefore, the ideal conditions of RBCs are essential for healthy vascular function. Anesthetics, sedatives, analgesics, and fluids used during anesthesia can impact RBCs. The same applies to pneumoperitoneum performed in laparoscopic procedures. Objectives: Taking above we aimed to prospectively evaluate the influence of anesthesia on RBC volume (CV, fL), surface area (SA, μm2), sphericity (SI), dry mass (CH, pg), Hb concentration (CHC, g/dL) and membrane fluctuation (nm). Methods: We exanimated RBCs (n=760) from 5 female dogs undergoing laparoscopic-assisted ovariohysterectomy (OVH). The blood was collected 15 min after premedication with medetomidine and 1h after full anesthesia (isoflurane, fentanyl). Measurements of RBC parameters we performed using the non-invasive, label-free method of imaging with holotomography. Statistical significance was determined using Mann-Whitney test. Results: Morphodynamics parameter values during anesthesia were stable. We observe statistically no significant changes for RBC parameters after premedication vs. one hour of full anesthesia: CH 24.20 vs. 24,19, p=0.57; CV 59.17 vs. 59.04, p=0.89; CHC 42.33 vs. 41.53, p=0.60; SA 117.38 vs. 119.56, p=0.13; SI 0.63 vs. 0.62, p=0.31; fluctuation 68.18 vs. 65.18, p=0.95. Conclusions: Procedures related to OVH are not reflected in the parameters of RBCs and their well-being. This provides new insight into the impact and safety of the anesthetic protocol used in this study on blood cell function, which translates into the lack of risk of vascular damage.
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